On my road toward being a teacher, I have to take a special education class. Along with this introduction to SPecial EDucation or “SPED”, we talk about SPED issues in our teacher education classes as well. Here’s a short history of Special Ed: Throughout most of human history, people with disabilities or exceptionalities of any sort were treated as less than. Less than or differently whatever they “would be” if they didn’t have said disability or exceptionalities. Exceptions to this statement certainly exist, but for the most part, if you pushed the “RANDOM” button in your time machine, you could be fairly certain that you wouldn’t end up in as equal a society as the one that currently exists in the US today. Out of this comes a movement to try to understand what is going on with these people, as opposed to ignoring and ostracizing them because of their disabilities or exceptionalities.

The Cripples (a.k.a. The Beggars) by Pieter Breugel the Elder (1568). A 16th-century artistic representation of disabled beggars. Photo from Wikipedia.com
In general, people try the best that they can. People who are against inclusion usually have valid reasons for their feelings toward the issue. I am not a parent, I do not know what it is like to have a child with a disability. However, I do have an opinion on the issue.
Inclusion is taking a student with a disability and placing them where they would be if they did not have any disability. They are supported to their level of need but they go to their neighborhood school and have the same classmates they would if they didn’t have a disability.
I think that inclusion is a best we’ve got. I do not think that full inclusion 100% of the time is the answer. But I do think that our policy toward special education should be the same as it ever was, do the best thing for the child. Given the information at the time, what is the best course of action. Like Andy mentioned, it is not up to schools to tell all parents of SPED students what to do and how to do it. We need to just stay focused on the good of the student.
Five years form now we will be living in a whole new world that requires a whole new set of skills. Imparting the ability of “learning how to learn” is the goal of all great teachers and schools.
Meta-cognition provides a better position to advocate for one’s self– demystification, “I need to sit in front, I have visual issue.” Or “I need to see a visual of notes, not just a verbal lecture” etc. It is important to know your personal challenges so you can best articulate your exceptionality.
Every student ought to be taught in the least restrictive environment.

English: Multiple amputee Lisa Bufano performing on her signature orange Queen Anne Table legs at All Worlds Fair 2013. Photo by Julia Wolf
Success in making academic modifications has been greater than the success in making social modifications. Success correlates with the level of collaboration. Collaboration has always happened in school among teachers but now it is embedded as part of the process by which we accommodate children with special needs. Teachers who have questions regarding a student of special education, in general, should always ask special education personnel (PT, OT, SPED teachers, resources teachers, staff, etc) about their concerns. SPED students have their own special and specific way of learning and it is our job as educators to find out what that is.
Older more established teachers have a tendency to get stuck in their ways. If a student is not responding to that form of teaching it is incumbent upon the teacher to change the way he or she teaches. In essence, that is inclusion. It is important to search for variety of answers, not one silver bullet. We must go forward without fear of failure, for failure is inevitable.
The notion that gardeners can somehow have a green thumb is a fallacy. It is not a gardener’s green thumb that leads to a bountiful harvest, but rather his hard and measured work in the garden that yields the fruits of a gardener’s labor.
Quite frankly, who knows what goes on in the life of the mind? It’s like Aldous Huxley wrote, “There are things known and things unknown, and in between are the doors of perception.”

Graffiti Portrait of Aldous Huxley